ABSTRACT
Introducción: Se han realizado muchas investigaciones sobre los implantes dentales, sin embargo, el área oseointegrable aún es un tema poco tratado en la literatura científica. Objetivo: Diseñar un método para el cálculo del área oseointegrable en la colocación de implantes dentales. Métodos: Las áreas de los implantes se calcularon sobre la base de modelos de implantes de tamaño cuatro veces el real, utilizando las fórmulas conocidas para mantos de cilindro, troncos de cono, círculo (entre otras) y aplicando relaciones lineales para las alturas y para los diámetros al cuadrado (asimilación a teoría de modelos). Se emplearon un calibrador de metales, una lupa y un escalímetro. Los implantes fueron divididos en sectores según su diferente configuración geométrica, la suma de superficies permitió obtener el área total del implante. Las superficies se compararon con el área teórica total de los mismos implantes. Luego se extrapolaron los datos para todos los modelos según sus dimensiones particulares. Resultados: Las áreas obtenidas para implantes tipo tornillo y tipo cónico (diámetro/largo en mm) fueron respectivamente: 3,75/7 = 129 mm2; 3,75/13 = 234 mm2; 3,75/15 = 270 mm2; 4/15 = 306 mm2; 5/7 = 224 mm2 y 3,5/13 = 143 mm2; 4,3/10 = 166 mm2; 4,3/13 = 215 mm2; 4,3/16 = 265 mm2. Conclusiones: La metodología usada en este estudio pareciera ser una buena alternativa para calcular el área final de oseointegración(AU)
Introduction: Many studies have been conducted about dental implants. However, the osseointegration area is a topic not commonly dealt with in the scientific literature. Objective: Design a method to estimate the osseointegration area in the placement of dental implants. Methods: The implant areas were estimated with implant models four times as large as real size, using known formulas for cylinder mantles, cone trunks and circles (among others). Linear relationships were applied for heights and square diameters (assimilation to model theory). Use was made of a metal calibrator, a magnifying glass and a scalimeter. The implants were divided into sectors according to their different geometric configuration. The sum of the surfaces made it possible to obtain the total implant area. The surfaces were compared with the total theoretical area of the same implants. The data were then extrapolated for all the models in keeping with their particular dimensions. Results: The areas obtained for screw and cone implants (diameter / length in mm) were, respectively: 3.75/7 = 129 mm2; 3.75/13 = 234 mm2; 3.75/15 = 270 mm2; 4/15 = 306 mm2; 5/7 = 224 mm2 and 3.5/13 = 143 mm2; 4.3/10 = 166 mm2; 4.3/13 = 215 mm2; 4.3/16 = 265 mm2. Conclusions: The methodology used in the study seems to be a good alternative to estimate the final osseointegration area(AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Dental Implants/ethics , Osseointegration/physiologyABSTRACT
El anclaje ha sido un aspecto crucial para la mayoría de los tratamientos de Ortodoncia. En las últimas dos décadas, el anclaje con miniimplantes ha aumentado el espectro de posibilidades para muchos tipos de tratamientos por presentar numerosas ventajas y pocas desventajas. Este artículo pretende hacer una revisión de literatura sobre los mecanismos de la biología ósea básica, como los aspectos mecánicos los activan y modulan; como se genera la estabilidad primaria y secundaria, como incide de manera crítica el porcentaje de éxito con el uso de los miniimplantes y como se ha estudiado esta interrelación por medio de modelos con elementos finitos.
Anchorage is crucial in most orthodontic treatments. During the last two decades, anchorage with mini-screw implants has increased the number of possibilities for many different types of orthodontic treatments. The aim of this paper is to present a literature review regarding how bone biology processes are elicited and modulated; how primary and secondary stability influence the success rate when mini-screw implants are used; and how this relation has been studied by means of the finite element method.
ABSTRACT
Objective To investigate the changes of soft and hard tissues after extraction space closure with micro-screw implant as orthodontic anchorage. Methods Twenty cases were selected randomly with the first premolars extraction. Micro-screw implant was used as orthodontic anchorage. Sliding technique was used to close the extraction space. The lateral cephalograms before and after the treatment were evaluated.Results The upper incisors moved 7. 15 mm palatelly, 1. 63 mm intruded. The upper first molar moved 0. 80 mm distally, 1. 80 mm intruded. The lower incisors moved 4. 65 mm distally, 0.48 mm extruded. The lower first molar moved 0. 18 mm mesially, 1.18 mm extruded. A point, B point, upper lip, lower lip showed distal movement. Conclusions Micro-screw implant can provide acceptable and reliable anchorage in the process of extraction space closure, and improve the profile. Besides, it produces skeletal change on the maxilla.